Hahalis G, Alexopoulos D, Remastinos DT, et al. Heart failure in beta-thalassemia syndromes: a decade of progress. Am J Med 2005;118:957-67.
Olivieri NF. The beta-thalassemias. N Engl J Med 1999;341:99-109.
Rund D, Rachmilewithz E. Beta-thalassemia. N Engl J Med 2005;353:1135-46.
Cunningham MJ, Weiss MJ, Neufeld EJ. Thalassemia In: Young NS, Gerson SL, High KA, eds. Clinical Hema- tology. Mosby Elsevier 2006:281-92.
Zurlo M, De Stefano P, Borgna-Pignatti C, et al. Survival and causes of death in thalassaemia major. Lancet 1989;2:27-30.
Aessopos A, Farmakis D, Karagiorga M, et al. Cardiac involvement in thalassemia intermedia: a multicenter study. Blood 2001;97:3411-6.
SonakulD, thakerngpol K, Pacharee P. Cardiac pathology in 76 thalassemic patients. Birth Defects Orig Artic Ser 1988;23:177-91.
Jessup M, Manno CS. Diagnosis and management of iron-induced heart disease in Colley’s anemia. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1998;850:242-50.
Olivieri NF, Nathan DG, MacMillan JH, et al. Survival in medically treated patients with homozygous beta-thalas- semia. N Engl J Med 1994;331:574-8.
Grisaru D, Rachmilewitz EA. Mosseri M. et al. Car- diopulmonary assessment in beta-thalassessmia major. Chest 1990;98:1138-42.
Du ZD, Roguin N, Milgram E, et al. Pulmonary hyper- tension in patients with thalassemia major. Am Heart J 1997;134:532-7.
Merault JM, Escamila R, Degano B, et al. Pulmonary hypertension in patients with beta-thalassemia major (in French). Rev Mal Respir 2000;17:689-91.
Derchi G, Fonti A, Forni GL, et al. Pulmonary hyper- tension in patients with thalassemia major. Am Heart J 1999;138:384.
Aessopos A, Stamatelos G, Skoumas V, et al. Pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure in patients with beta thalassemia intermedia. Chest 1995;108:50-3.
Koren A, Garty I, Antonelli D, et al. Right ventricular cardiac dysfunction in beta thalassemia major. Am J Dis Child 1987;141:93-6.
Jootar P, Fucharoen S. Cardiac involvement in beta thalas- semia/hemoglobin E disease: clinical and hemodynamic findings. Southeast Asian J rop Med Public Health 1990;21:269-73.
Hahalis, G. et al. Thalassemia heart disease: a comparative evaluation of thalassemia major and thalassemia intermedia. Chest 2005;127:1523-30.
Grisaru D, Rachmilewitz EA, Mosseri M, et al. Cardio- pulmonary assessment in beta-thalassemia major. Chest 1990;98:1138-42.
Aessopos A, Farmakis D, Karagiorga M, et al. Cardiac involvement in thalassemia intermedia: a multicenter study. Blood 2001;97:3411-6.
Jootar P, Fucharoen S. Cardiac involvement in beta- thalassemia/hemoglobin E disease: clinical and hemo- dynamic findings. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1990;21:269-73.
Aessopos A, Stamatelos G, Skoumas V, et al. Pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure in patients with beta- thalassemia intermedia. Chest 1995;107:50-3.
Singer ST, Kuypers FA, Styles L, et al. Pulmonary hyper- tension in thalassemia: association with platelet activation and hypercoagulable state. Am J Hematol 2006;81:670-5.
Morris CR, et al. Pulmonary hypertension in thalassemia assessed by echocardiography: a report from baseline data of the thalassemia clinical research network Longi- tudinal Cohort Study. Blood 2009;114:796 [abst 2016].
Chuncharunee S, Atichartakarn V, Archararit N, et al. Prevalence and predictors of pulmonary arterial hyper- tension in hemoglobin E/beta-thalassemia patients [abstract]. Blood 2009;114:795.
Atichartkarn V, Likittanasombat K, Chuncharunee S, et al. Pulmonary arterial hypertension in previously splenec- tomized patients with beta-thalassemic disorders. Int J Hematol 2003;78:139-45.
Phrommintikul A, Sukonthasarn A, Kanjanavanit R, et al. Splenectomy: a strong risk factor for pulmonary hyper- tension in patients with thalassaemia. Heart 2006;92:1467-72.
Hoffbrand AV, Cohen A, Hershko C. Role of deferiprone in chelation therapy for transfusional iron overload. Blood 2003;102:17-24.
Aessopos A, Farmakis D, Deftereos S, et al. Thalassemia heart disease: a comparative evaluation of thalassemia major and thalassemia intermedia. Chest 2005;127:1523-30.
Aessopos A, Farmakis D. Pulmonary hypertension in beta-thalassemia. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2005;1054:342-9.
Aessopos A, Farmakis D, Hatziliami A, et al. Cardiac status in well-treated patients with thalassemia major. Eur J Haematol 2004;73:359-66.
Kremastinos DT, Tiniakos G, Theodorakis GN, et al. Myocarditis in beta-thalassemia major. A cause of heart failure. Circulation 1995;91:66-71.
Buja LM, Roberts WC. Iron in the heart Etiology and clinical significance. Am J Med 1971;51:209-21.
Weatherall DJ. The thalassaemias. BMJ 1977;314:1675-8.
Olivieri NF. The beta-thalassemias. N Engl J Med 1999; 341:99-109.
Modell B, Khan M, Darlison M, et al. 2008. Improved survival of thalassaemia major in the UK and relation to T2* cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J Cardiaovasc Magn Reson 2008;10:42.
Rudski LG, Lai WW, Afilalo J, et al. Guidelines for the echocardiographic assessment of the right heart in adults: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography endorsed by the European Association of Echocardio- graphy, a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology, and the Canadian Society of Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2010;23:685-713.
